Characteristics of an Effective Interview, Part 1

One of the ways TruView’s Investigative Team stands apart is how we interview subjects and gain the information and intelligence with which we build reports—and solid cases for our Clients. Following is an extract from our investigator refresher training that speaks to how we approach our investigative craft.

As a background screening and investigations firm, conducting effective interviews is paramount and a key to successful completion of our casework. As such, training in the anatomy of an interview and the different techniques available for use can only serve to enhance operational knowledge and experience out in the field. What constitutes an effective interview process can offer helpful insights that can be used to further an investigation or an evaluation of an individual.

When breaking down the components of an effective interview, everything begins with preparation. Knowing key elements involving the subject beforehand will enable the interviewer to construct effective questions. Next, remain adaptive and culturally aware. When conducting interviews, you will encounter people from all walks of life, cultures, personalities, backgrounds, and lifestyles. Being able to navigate this landscape and remain adaptive to what the interviewee is presenting will allow the investigator to establish rapport while getting to the facts of the matter at hand.

A quiet location is the optimal condition to set up the interview, although if not available the most important factor is the ability to focus without disruption. Remaining patient and in self-control will pay dividends as the interview unfolds. The investigator must remember that the task is to motivate people to open up. Doing this requires the interviewer to demonstrate understanding while presenting objective detachment, as well. Good interviewers lead a conversation in such a way that they are always probing for facts, and maintaining composure is key, especially in the face of emotional or hostile subjects.

One mistake that interviewers can often make is a lack of confidence. Because a subject is belligerent, has an attorney present, or may have a higher level of education does not mean that information cannot be extracted. The interviewer should remember: When in charge, take charge. A good interviewer shows that he or she is in in command of the exchange and is prepared to guide the conversation, as required.

The investigator must remain objective throughout the interview and maintain composure no matter what the interviewee presents. It is important for the interviewer to avoid preconceived ideas or prejudices that could interfere with her line of questioning. Instead, the interviewer maintains focus and perspective on the information that is being sought out and remains neutral to the answers given.

Finally, employing sensitivity helps an interviewer maintain professional balance between the rights of others and interview objectives. Using reason, patience, and professionalism will ultimately lead to a successful outcome.

Therefore, the anatomy of a successful interview breaks down into seven critical components: preparation; remaining adaptive and culturally aware; choosing the right location; patience and self-control; confidence; objectivity; and sensitivity to the issues at hand. Keeping to these tenets will lead to more effective interviewing and better results in gathering the necessary information. Stay tuned for Part 2 of this article where we will discuss the different techniques that can be employed in an interview.